A Study of Effective Factors Over Routing Protocols for MANET

Abstract

A network which does not require any fixed pre-existing infrastructure and can be defined as a set of mobile nodes is called MANET. In MANET mobile nodes are communicating through wireless medium. In MANET all mobile nodes behaves as router and when required they takes part in discovery and maintenance of the route to the other node. One of the major challenges in designing a routing protocol for the MANET is to determine a packet route; a node needs to know at least about its neighbors. On the other hand in MANET wireless networks conditions changes frequently with time due to the mobile nodes thus routing becomes a challenging task. To serve this purposes various proactive, reactive and hybrid routing protocols are developed by researchers. Among all AODV, DSR, DYMO and ZRP are well known popular routing protocols and have been standardized by the IETF MANET WG. ZRP is a well known hybrid routing protocol. To understand its suitability we must understand its behavior under various real time conditions. This paper study some propagation model and fading model and also describes two main characteristic of wireless channel path loss and fading. This paper also focuses on some other important factors that affect the performance of MANET. These important factors are battery model, Radio Model, Queue model and Mobility model. Thus, the goal is to carry out a systematic performance comparison of ad-hoc routing protocols under these factors in terms of QoS metrics such as average end-to-end delay, throughput and average jitter.